Write Functions of RNA and write type of RNA.

Question:

Write Functions of RNA and write type of RNA.

Answer:

Functions of RNA

The ribonucleic acid – RNA, which are mainly composed of nucleic acids, are involved in a variety of functions within the cell and are found in all living organisms including bacteria, viruses, plants, and animals. These nucleic acid functions as a structural molecule in cell organelles and are also involved in the catalysis of biochemical reactions. The different types of RNA are involved in various cellular process. The primary functions of RNA:

• Facilitate the translation of DNA into proteins
• Functions as an adapter molecule in  protein synthesis
• Serves as a messenger between the DNA and the ribosomes.
• They are the carrier of genetic information in all living cells
• Promotes the ribosomes to choose the right amino acid which is required in building up of new proteins in the body.

Also Read: Difference between deoxyribose and ribose

RNA Types

There are various types of RNA, out which most well-known and most commonly studied in the human body are :

• tRNA – Transfer RNA

The transfer RNA is held responsible for choosing the correct protein or the amino acids required by the body in-turn helping the ribosomes. It is located at the endpoints of each amino acid. This is also called as soluble RNA and it forms a link between the messenger RNA and the amino acid.

• rRNA-Ribosomal RNA

The rRNA is the component of the ribosome and are located within the in the cytoplasm of a cell, where ribosomes are found. In all living cells, the ribosomal RNA plays a fundamental role in the synthesis and translation of mRNA into proteins. The rRNA is mainly composed of cellular RNA and are the most predominant RNA within the cells of all living beings.

• mRNA – Messenger RNA.

This type of RNA functions by transferring the genetic material into the ribosomes and pass the instructions about the type of proteins, required by the body cells. Based on the functions, these types of RNA is called the messenger RNA. Therefore, the mRNA plays a vital role in the process of transcription or during the protein synthesis process.